Vogels van Finland

birds of finland

De wilde zwaan is de nationale vogel van Finland


Dit is een lijst van de vogelsoorten die in Finland zijn geregistreerd. De lijst van vogels van Finland omvatte in maart 2020 in totaal 483 bevestigde soorten, volgens BirdLife Suomi. Van hen zijn er 188 zeldzaam of toevallig, zes zijn door mensen geïntroduceerd en zes zijn sinds 1950 niet meer in Finland gemeld.

De lijst bestaat uit Engelse en wetenschappelijke namen. De Finse namen tussen haakjes komen uit de BirdLife Suomi-lijst.

De volgende tags zijn gebruikt om de categorieën aan te geven:

  • (R) (Rare) Zeldzaam of toevallig – een soort die zeldzaam is in Finland en die moet worden voorgelegd aan het Finnish Rarities Committee (Rariteettikomitea) voor acceptatie
  • (I) (Introduced)  Geïntroduceerd– een soort die in Finland is geïntroduceerd als gevolg van direct of indirect menselijk handelen
  • (H) (Historical) Historisch – een soort die sinds 1950 niet meer in Finland is voorgekomen

Kijk hier voor een overzicht van de meest voorkomende Nederlandse en West Europese vogels.


 

Eenden, ganzen en watervogels

 

OrderAnseriformes   FamilyAnatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

Eenden, ganzen en watervogels


Fazanten, korhoenders en soortgenoten

OrderGalliformes   FamilyPhasianidae

Dit zijn terrestrische soorten, die zich op de grond voeden en nestelen. Ze variëren in grootte maar zijn over het algemeen mollig, met brede en relatief korte vleugels.

Futen

OrderPodicipediformes   FamilyPodicipedidae

Futen zijn kleine tot middelgrote zoetwaterduikvogels. Ze hebben gelobde tenen en zijn uitstekende zwemmers en duikers. Hun voeten staan echter ver naar achteren op het lichaam, waardoor ze op het land nogal lomp zijn.

Duiven

OrderColumbiformes   FamilyColumbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Zandhoender

OrderPterocliformes   FamilyPteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small pigeon-like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.

Trapvogels

OrderOtidiformes   FamilyOtididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with “fingered” wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

Koekoeken

OrderCuculiformes   FamilyCuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Nachtzwaluwen en soortgenoten

OrderCaprimulgiformes   FamilyCaprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Gierzwaluwen

OrderCaprimulgiformes   FamilyApodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Rails, gallinules en meerkoeten

OrderGruiformes   FamilyRallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Kraanvogels

OrderGruiformes   FamilyGruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or “dances”.

Grielen

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyBurhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of waders found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes, and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Steltlopers en kluten

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyRecurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Scholeksters

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyHaematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Plevieren en kieviten

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyCharadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Strandlopers en soortgenoten

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyScolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Pratincoles and coursers

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyGlareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings, and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings, and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Skuas and jaegers

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyStercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large sea birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Auks, murres, and puffins

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyAlcidae

Alcidae are a family of seabirds which are superficially similar to penguins with their black-and-white colours, their upright posture, and some of their habits, but which are able to fly.

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

OrderCharadriiformes   FamilyLaridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gullsterns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish, bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

Loons

OrderGaviiformes   FamilyGaviidae

Loons are a group of aquatic birds found in many parts of North America and Northern Europe. They are the size of a large duck or small goose, which they somewhat resemble in shape when swimming, but to which they are completely unrelated. In particular, loons’ legs are set very far back which assists swimming underwater but makes walking on land extremely difficult.

Northern storm-petrels

OrderProcellariiformes   FamilyHydrobatidae

Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.

Shearwaters and petrels

OrderProcellariiformes   FamilyProcellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized “true petrels”, characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

Storks

OrderCiconiiformes   FamilyCiconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

Gannets

OrderSuliformes   FamilySulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Cormorants and shags

OrderSuliformes   FamilyPhalacrocoracidae

Cormorants and shags are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed.

Pelicans

OrderPelecaniformes   FamilyPelecanidae

Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

OrderPelecaniformes   FamilyArdeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

Ibises and spoonbills

OrderPelecaniformes   FamilyThreskiornithidae

The family Threskiornithidae includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings. Their bodies tend to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills.

Osprey

OrderAccipitriformes   FamilyPandionidae

Pandionidae is a family of fish-eating birds of prey, possessing a very large, powerful hooked beak for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. The family is monotypic.

  • Osprey (Sääksi), Pandion haliaetus

Hawks, eagles, and kites

OrderAccipitriformes   FamilyAccipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

Barn-owls

OrderStrigiformes   FamilyTytonidae

Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

  • Barn owl (Tornipöllö), Tyto alba (R)

Owls

OrderStrigiformes   FamilyStrigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Hoopoes

OrderBucerotiformes   FamilyUpupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.

Kingfishers

OrderCoraciiformes   FamilyAlcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

Bee-eaters

OrderCoraciiformes   FamilyMeropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Rollers

OrderCoraciiformes   FamilyCoraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Woodpeckers

OrderPiciformes   FamilyPicidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Falcons and caracaras

OrderFalconiformes   FamilyFalconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Old World orioles

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyOriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

Shrikes

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyLaniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike’s beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

Crows, jays, and magpies

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyCorvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyParidae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Penduline-tits

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyRemizidae

The penduline-tits are a group of small passerine birds related to the true tits. They are insectivores.

Larks

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyAlaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Bearded reedling

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyPanuridae

This species, the only one in its family, is found in reed beds throughout temperate Europe and Asia.

Reed warblers and allies

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyAcrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for “warblers”. Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Grassbirds and allies

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyLocustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Swallows

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyHirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Leaf warblers

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyPhylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Long-tailed tits

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyAegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.

Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

OrderPasseriformes   FamilySylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as another common name (Old World warblers) implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

Kinglets

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyRegulidae

The kinglets and “crests” are a small family of birds which resemble some warblers. They are very small insectivorous birds in the single genus Regulus. The adults have coloured crowns, giving rise to their name.

Nuthatches

OrderPasseriformes   FamilySittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet.

Treecreepers

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyCerthiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Wrens

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyTroglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

Dippers

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyCinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.

Starlings

OrderPasseriformes   FamilySturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Their plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Thrushes and allies

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyTurdidae

The thrushes are a family of birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft-plumaged, small-to-medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Old World flycatchers

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyMuscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of birds which are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Waxwings

 

Bohemian waxwing

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyBombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

 

Accentors

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyPrunellidae

The accentors are the only bird family which is endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows.

Old World sparrows

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyPasseridae

In general, Old World sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Wagtails and pipits

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyMotacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small birds with medium to long tails which includes the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Finches, euphonias, and allies

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyFringillidae

Finches are seed-eating birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Longspurs and snow buntings

Lapland longspur

 

Lapland longspur

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyCalcariidae

The Calcariidae are a family of birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

Old World buntings

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyEmberizidae

Emberizidae is a family of passerine birds containing a single genus. Until 2017, the New World sparrows (Passerellidae) were also considered part of this family.

New World sparrows

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyPasserellidae

Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.

New World warblers

OrderPasseriformes   FamilyParulidae

Parulidae are a group of small, often colourful birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal and insectivorous.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia